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**First, System Inspection (General Inspection)**
**(a) Visual Inspection**
1. Ensure all devices—such as detector bases, terminal boxes, manual buttons, and alarm controllers—are fully installed, wired, and ready for operation.
2. Verify that the system grounding meets specifications: if using a dedicated grounding device, resistance should not exceed 4 ohms; for common grounding, it should not be more than 1 ohm. For fire-fighting equipment powered by AC, metal casings and brackets must be connected to the protective earth (PE) wire.
3. Inspect detectors for physical damage. If damaged, return them to the manufacturer or a professional maintenance company, especially for ionization-type detectors which may contain radioactive materials.
4. Check the condition of knobs, switches, and plug-ins on the alarm controller for any signs of damage or poor contact.
**(II) Function and Performance Check of the Alarm Controller**
1. Use the built-in inspection device on the fire alarm controller to test its functions, including fire alarms, fault monitoring, and silence features.
2. Disconnect the main power supply and confirm that the backup power activates automatically and operates normally.
3. Observe the readings on the voltmeters and ammeters to ensure they are within normal ranges.
4. Ensure all indicators, switches, and buttons are in good working condition with no damage or poor connections.
5. During testing, avoid triggering automatic fire suppression systems, output control contacts, or stopping the clock.
**(III) System Function and Performance Check**
1. Perform a simulated test on the detector to check if the alarm controller’s sound and light indicators function properly and if the detection area number matches the actual location.
2. When removing any fire detector, the alarm controller should display a fault signal.
3. If the system is linked to an automatic fire suppression system, disconnect the electrical connection before testing, but verify the status of the fire extinguishing control contacts, such as output voltage or current levels.
**Second, Regular Inspection**
After the automatic fire alarm system is operational, regular inspections and tests are essential to ensure reliability.
**(a) Daily Inspection**
The daily operator should check the alarm controller and zone alarm controller for proper functions like fire alarm, fault indication, reset, and silence. Also, inspect indicator lights for damage. Testing can be done via self-test switches or by simulating smoke or heat to trigger the detector. Any issues should be documented and addressed promptly.
**(b) Weekly Inspection**
Conduct automatic switching tests between main and backup power supplies.
**(III) Quarterly Tests and Inspections**
1. Test detectors using specialized tools or alternatives like hair dryers to ensure they respond correctly. Replace faulty ones immediately.
2. Verify that the sound and light alarms function properly during tests. Coordinate tests to avoid unnecessary panic.
3. Test the alarm functions of the automatic sprinkler system, including flow indicators and pressure switches.
4. Perform charge and discharge tests on the backup power supply and ensure automatic switching between main and backup power.
5. For systems withè”动 control (interlinked control), verify the functionality of smoke prevention equipment, fire dampers, doors, shutters, hydrants, sprinklers, and fixed extinguishing systems.
6. Force fire elevators to stop at the first floor.
7. Conduct phone calls from the fire control room to test communication equipment.
8. Check all transfer switches (power, fire, smoke control, etc.) for proper operation.
9. Test the cutoff of non-fire-related power sources, ensuring preparation to prevent confusion.
**(D) Annual Tests and Inspections**
Once a year, all installed detectors should be tested again. Other alarm and interlocked devices should also be checked based on the system’s operational status.
**Third, Common Failures and Troubleshooting**
(a) Main power failure: Check the input power, fuse, and connections for faults.
(b) Backup power failure: Inspect the charging unit, battery, and cables for damage.
(c) Detector circuit issues: Check wiring, detector installation, and terminal monitors.
(d) False alarms: Investigate environmental factors like steam, oil, or dust. Replace frequently faulty detectors.
(e) Unresolved failures: Immediately notify the manufacturer or maintenance provider for prompt repair.
Tags: fire alarm system, electrical fire, fire monitoring, fire detection, fire safety, fire control, fire suppression, fire system inspection