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A recent breakthrough in quantum simulation research has been achieved through collaboration among several prestigious institutions, including the Institute of Physics and Mathematics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the National University of Singapore’s Quantum Technology Center, and Tsinghua University’s Information Research Institute. This joint effort has led to significant advancements in the theoretical exploration of quantum information and quantum simulation, particularly focusing on the spin ensemble of diamond nitrogen-vacancy centers. These findings have been published in the prestigious Physical Review A journal of the American Physical Society.
One of the most intriguing areas of research involves the quantum simulation of gauge fields, which remains a cutting-edge topic in both condensed matter physics and cold atom physics. Simulating artificial gauge fields enables scientists to better comprehend complex physical phenomena like superconducting vortices, quantum magnetism, resistance oscillations, and the quantum Hall effect. However, achieving such simulations experimentally poses immense challenges due to the stringent requirements of ultra-high magnetic fields and other extreme conditions, making direct observation difficult in standard solid-state systems.
The Binding System Quantum Information Processing Research Group has developed a novel theoretical framework for simulating gauge fields using a hybrid solid-state system combining diamond spin ensembles with superconducting quantum circuits. By leveraging the exceptional coherence properties of diamond spin ensembles at room temperature, the group successfully models an ultra-high artificial magnetic field within the momentum space of photons. This innovative approach mimics the effects of the Lorentz force acting on charged particles, allowing for the direct observation of theoretical predictions. Notably, the research has produced the single-electron Hofstadter butterfly energy spectrum under extreme magnetic fields, offering a promising new avenue for investigation. These findings were published in Physical Review A 86, 012307 (2012), and the accompanying graphics were highlighted by the American Physical Society as part of their "Kleidoscope" series for Physical Review A in 2012.
Additionally, the team explored quantum information processing based on continuous variables, demonstrating that with carefully designed external driving fields and efficient control over superconducting quantum circuits, it is feasible to generate squeezed states of microwave light fields across distant spin ensembles. This achievement lays the groundwork for future studies in large-scale continuous variable quantum information processing. The work associated with this aspect of the research appeared in Physical Review A 85, 022324 (2012).
Funding for these projects has been provided by the National Key Basic Research Program and the National Natural Science Foundation of China. This collaborative effort underscores the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation in advancing our understanding of quantum mechanics and its practical applications. (Source: Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)