It is the season when summer corn needs to be applied for top dressing. Comparing summer corn with spring corn, it has two major characteristics. One is that the growth period is short, generally about 100 days, the seedling growth is in the hot and rainy season, and the second is that the summer corn is planted in winter wheat-summer corn rotation. In some areas, such as the northern part of the country, the corn is planted before the wheat is harvested. Most of the northern China is directly planting summer corn after the wheat is harvested. The common feature of the above two types of areas is that the base fertilizer cannot be applied before the summer corn is planted. Therefore, the fertilization method of summer corn only depends on the topdressing during the growth period.
How to grasp the graded topdressing of summer corn? Here, we introduce the experience of fertilization of a planting professional household in Wuqiang County, Hebei Province. The specific practice is to apply the first seedling fertilizer after the emergence of summer maize to the 4-leaf stage. He used a high-nitrogen compound fertilizer (25-10-15), and the amount of fertilizer applied was 15 kg/mu. The fertilization method was to ditch and fertilize the soil. When the corn seedlings grow to the trumpet, he will apply 20 kg of urea for the second time. The application method of urea is to use the method of embedding the soil after hole fertilization and then watering. He believes that the effect of urea application is good. It is true that in the past two years, the summer corn planted by his family has settled down at the harvest and the average yield is over 900 kg, and some have reached 1,000 kg. For the scientific nature of this summer maize timely and topdressing case, agricultural experts conducted an analysis:
This case shows that it is reasonable to determine the fertilization period, fertilization amount and fertilization method according to the characteristics of summer maize's nutrient demand. Not only does it achieve a higher harvest in the same year, but also achieves the goal of high yield and stable yield.
According to the amount of fertilizer applied in this case and the actual harvested yield of summer corn, a small amount of conversion can be seen, it can be seen that the utilization rate of the fertilizer is higher, especially the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is relatively high, if from the fertilization technology From the perspective analysis, the following points are worthy of emulation in this case:
1. The time of topdressing is well-prepared, reflecting the characteristics of early application and partial application of summer corn topdressing.
2. In the fertilization type, it not only shows the balanced application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients, but also highlights the characteristics of nitrogen fertilizer. The first top dressing is based on nitrogen plus phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and the second top dressing is focused on nitrogen fertilizer.
3. In the grasp of the amount of fertilizer applied, the secondary top dressing applied high nitrogen compound fertilizer and urea. The annual summer corn yield is 450-500 kg/mu, which is an economically optimized and reasonable application rate.
4. The method of fertilization is scientific. No matter whether the first application of compound fertilizer or the second application of urea, the method of applying ditch or digging, and applying soil after re-watering after fertilization can reduce the volatilization loss of nitrogen fertilizer and increase the probability of absorption of phosphate fertilizer close to the root system. So got a higher fertilizer utilization rate.
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