Analysis of lubrication method for single-stage single-suction centrifugal pump bearing

The IS series single-stage, single-suction centrifugal pump is widely used in industrial applications. However, due to its design, the rolling bearings are lubricated with oil, which leads to severe dynamic seal leakage. This not only threatens the safe and stable operation of the equipment but also causes environmental pollution and unnecessary oil waste. Over the years, I have attempted multiple sealing modifications to address this issue, achieving some success, but the problem was never fully resolved. After extensive practice, I found that switching from oil lubrication to grease significantly improved performance. Lubricating rolling bearings serves several important functions: it reduces friction, minimizes wear, provides cooling, protects against dust and corrosion, and helps absorb vibrations. Proper lubrication is essential for ensuring smooth equipment operation, reducing wear, preventing accidents, lowering energy consumption, and extending maintenance intervals. In our roaster's circulating water system, we use an IS150-125-250 centrifugal pump. It has a flow rate of 200 m³/h, a head of 20 meters, a shaft power of 18.5 kW, and a speed of 1450 rpm. The original lubrication system uses 30# oil in winter and 40# oil in summer. Unfortunately, the dynamic seal leaks badly, leading to oil wastage, bearing damage, and environmental issues. To solve this, several small-scale modifications were made over the years. One key change was replacing the felt seal with a single-layer skeleton oil seal. This reduced oil leakage, lowered annual oil consumption from about 300 kg to 50 kg per pump, and improved cleanliness in the pump room. However, after some time, even the single-layer seal began to leak more. We then tried a double-layer skeleton oil seal, which worked well initially but eventually failed after six months of continuous use. Despite these improvements, the skeleton oil seal had its drawbacks. It had a short lifespan, required frequent replacement, and each replacement involved disassembling the entire pump, increasing labor and repair costs. In some cases, parts like the impeller or bearings were damaged during the process. This led us to explore alternative solutions. After research, we decided to test using grease instead of oil. Given the low power (18.5 kW) and moderate flow rate (200 m³/h), grease lubrication was considered feasible. The transformation process included draining the old oil, cleaning the bearing housing, and filling it with lithium-based grease. After installation, the pump ran smoothly, with bearing temperatures remaining stable and no signs of leakage. Monitoring data showed that the bearing temperatures remained within acceptable ranges, and vibration levels were normal. This proved that grease could replace oil effectively. The benefits were clear: reduced oil consumption, lower maintenance costs, extended service life, and a cleaner working environment. Overall, switching from oil to grease for the IS series pumps has proven to be a practical, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly solution. It not only improves operational efficiency but also aligns with modern maintenance practices, making it a valuable improvement for similar pumps.

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