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Salvia splendens, commonly known as firecracker red, cannon red, or red sage, is a popular ornamental plant celebrated for its vibrant red inflorescences. Native to South America, particularly Brazil, this flowering herb thrives in warm and humid conditions, making it a favorite in gardens and urban landscapes across China. Its long-lasting blooms make it ideal for festivals such as May Day, National Day, and the Spring Festival, where it adds a festive touch with its bright color and strong visual impact.
A string of red is typically grown as an annual, though it can be perennial in milder climates. It features an upright, four-edged stem that grows up to 90 cm tall, with opposite, ovate leaves and serrated edges. The flowers are small, clustered in terminal racemes, and covered in fine red hairs. The corolla has a distinctive lip-shaped structure, with the upper part forming a hood-like shape and the lower part creating a flared lip. The fruits are oval nutlets containing dark brown seeds with a thousand-grain weight of around 3.6 grams.
This plant prefers full sun but can tolerate partial shade. It requires well-drained, loamy soil rich in organic matter and is sensitive to cold temperatures below 15°C, which can cause leaf yellowing and drop. High humidity and poor drainage may lead to diseases like leaf spot and downy mildew. Proper care, including timely watering and fertilization, ensures healthy growth and abundant flowering.
For cultivation, seedlings are usually started in greenhouses in March. Seeds should be pre-soaked in warm water for 6 hours, then sown in a prepared bed of fertile soil mixed with compost and a small amount of phosphorus fertilizer. Germination occurs within 6–7 days at 20–25°C, and seedlings are transplanted when they have 2–3 true leaves. Regular pruning and topping encourage branching and a more compact form, while proper irrigation and balanced fertilization help maintain plant health.
Seed collection should be done when the central flowers begin to turn white and the sepals dry out. The entire inflorescence is harvested, dried, and stored in a cool, dry place. To prevent pests and diseases, regular monitoring and appropriate treatments—such as insecticides for aphids or spider mites—are essential. By following these practices, gardeners can successfully grow this striking plant and enjoy its beauty throughout the season.