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Before installing any luminaire, it's essential to carefully check its specifications. First, make sure the voltage rating of the luminaire matches the power supply voltage. For example, using a 110V luminaire with a 220V power source can damage the internal ballast and cause failure. Also, for fluorescent or high-intensity discharge (HID) lamps, ensure that the power supply voltage stays within the acceptable range.
If the voltage is too high, it can shorten the lifespan of both the ballast and the lamp. On the other hand, if the voltage is too low, the lamp may not light up at all or its life will be significantly reduced. The acceptable voltage variation for fluorescent lamps is typically ±6%, while for HID lamps it’s also ±6%—but when using metal halide lamps, it should stay within ±5%.
Next, choose the right type of lamp for the environment. Different areas require different lighting solutions. In wet or rainy areas, such as eaves or outside your home, use rainproof luminaires. In places where flammable gases are present, like oil or chemical plants, explosion-proof fixtures are necessary. For damp environments, such as bathrooms, basements, or underpasses, moisture-proof lamps are ideal. In corrosive settings, such as chemical plants or hot springs, corrosion-resistant lamps should be used.
In cold environments, like freezers, or in areas where vibrations occur, such as factories or gyms, select lamps that are suitable for those conditions. For moist areas outside the bathroom, always use waterproof luminaires. These can be categorized as moisture-proof, rainproof, or both. Choose the appropriate type based on the location and environmental needs. In humid areas like eaves or house passages, poor insulation and rusted reflectors can occur due to moisture. Therefore, it's best to install moisture- and rain-proof luminaires in such locations.
When installing the luminaire, avoid placing them too close together, as this can cause overheating. If the temperature becomes too high, the ballast may overheat, leading to a shorter lifespan for the bulb and possible damage to the lamp housing. Factors that contribute to heat buildup include the internal space of the fixture, its size, and the materials used. To prevent this, follow these installation guidelines:
1. Ensure proper spacing between luminaires.
2. Provide enough internal space inside the fixture.
3. Include ventilation holes around the lamp body.
4. Avoid placing the ballast inside the fixture.
5. Ensure good airflow in the ceiling area.
Secure the installation location to prevent contact with flammable items like curtains. In kitchens, keep the luminaire at least one meter away from heat sources. Rainproof luminaires must be installed in the correct orientation to prevent water ingress. When installing moisture- and rain-proof luminaires, check that the rubber gasket is properly sealed. If the mounting surface is uneven, fill the gaps before installation. Also, ensure that the power cable entry point is not submerged in water.
Finally, when installing on concrete surfaces, make sure the surface is completely dry before mounting. If the concrete isn’t dry, moisture can be absorbed by the luminaire after installation, leading to insulation issues and coating peeling. Always double-check these details to ensure safe and effective lighting.