Hot work: refers to the temporary work of welding, cutting, heating, grinding, and using electric drills, grinding wheels, etc. in the flammable and explosive places, which may produce flames, sparks, sparks and red hot surfaces.
Hot fire classification
1. Super hot work
Hot work in special hazardous locations such as inflammable and explosive production equipment, conveying pipelines, storage tanks, and container parts in production and operation. The pressure does not replace the hot work and is managed according to the special hot work.
2. First-level hot work
Hot work other than special hot work in flammable and explosive places. The hot work on the pipe gallery conveying the inflammable and explosive medium in the plant area is managed according to the first-level hot work.
3. Second-level hot work
Hot work in non-fixed hotfire zones other than special hot work and first-class hot work. The production equipment or system of the inflammable and explosive places shall be completely stopped. After the equipment has been cleaned, replaced, sampled and analyzed, and the safety isolation measures are taken, the fire in the area is regarded as a secondary fire.
4. Fixed hot fire area hot work
Regular and repetitive routine hot work in fixed areas such as laboratories, machine shops, and canteens where fire hazard safety measures are in place.
Type of fire
1. High-altitude hot work should be carried out in the "High-level work safety permit standard", wearing protective equipment such as flame-retardant safety belts.
2. High-altitude hot work, if there are combustibles, voids, wells, trenches, water seals, etc. on the lower ground, it should be inspected and taken measures, and the flame-retardant blankets and plugging holes should be placed underneath to prevent spark splashing measures. Fire guardians should always be aware of where sparks may be splashed.
3. If there is more than five grades (including five grades), the wind should not be operated at outdoor high places.
2 enter the restricted space hot work
1. For hot work entering a confined space, the "Constrained Space Work Safety Permit Standard" should be implemented and the materials inside the confined space should be cleaned up. Special-grade, first-class hot fire should also take measures such as steam purging (or cooking), nitrogen replacement or water washing, and open the upper, middle and lower manholes to form air convection or mechanical forced ventilation.
2. The gas detection in confined space shall include the concentration of flammable gas, the concentration of toxic and harmful gases, the concentration of oxygen, etc., and the content of flammable medium (including explosive dust) shall meet the requirements of the "Constrained Space Safety Standards for Restricted Spaces".
3 hot work in earth moving operations
1. The hot work in the earth moving operation should also implement the “Safety Permit Standard for Earthmoving Operations†and take safety measures to ensure the safety and escape of the hot work personnel.
2. Personnel engaged in hot work in the pits of buried pipelines shall be safety ropes of flame retardant or non-combustible materials.
4 pressure does not replace hot work
1. The pressure does not replace the hot work is a special hot work, the standard requirements should be strictly enforced. It is strictly forbidden to carry out pressure and non-displacement of dynamic fire in the case of unstable production and corrosion of equipment and pipelines; it is strictly forbidden to carry out pressure-free replacement of hot fire in the environment where there is a possibility of poisoning in pipelines containing toxic substances.
2. In the case of pressure-free non-displacement hot work, the flame formed by the flammable gas leaking from the pipeline after the open flame, if there is no special danger, should not be extinguished.
3. Negative pressure and fire are strictly prohibited.
Principle of hot work
1. Anyone who fires on equipment, containers and pipelines that produce, stores and transports combustible materials should first cut off the material source and add the blind plate of the same process level. After thorough purging, cleaning and replacement, open the manhole and ventilate. Ventilation, and after passing the analysis, can be used for fire.
After the analysis is passed, if the fire is used for more than half an hour, the hot fire analysis must be performed again.
2. The normal production equipment and tank area shall be fired according to the requirements of the first grade or special grade. Any fire that can't move can't move. Anyone who can be removed must be removed and moved to a safe place to get angry. Holidays that do not affect the normal production of production are prohibited. For the fires necessary for holidays (including factory holidays), increase the level of fire by one level.
3. The fire approver must visit the site to inspect and implement the fire prevention measures before issuing the fire ticket. A fire ticket is limited to one fire. The special-grade and first-class fire tickets shall not be valid for more than 4 hours (since due to the large amount of work, the fire time may be extended, but not more than 8 hours), and the second-class fire ticket shall not exceed 3 days. The time limit for the second-level hot ticket shall not exceed the holidays.
4, the device for large and medium repairs, due to the large amount of hot work, the flammable, combustible and toxic materials should be completely sent out of the device, and blind plate and device isolation, after the replacement of the fire, the "first knife" must Refer to Level 1 for fire execution. The device has entered the production preparation stage, and it is necessary to deal with the fire at the first or special level.
5, into the internal fire of the equipment, must comply with the "into the equipment operation safety management system." Oxygen measurement, explosion test, and poison test are qualified. The analysis list must be attached to the hot fire list.
6, "Three Ones" principles: premium, one flare strictly enforce "a flare point, a" hot work safety license ", a flare guardian."
Fire management range
The scope of safe fire management includes various open fire operations, open flame heating, and open flame lighting in the following areas:
1. Gas welding, electric welding, lead welding, soldering, plastic welding and cutting operations, plasma cutting machines, grinders, polishing machines and other metal cutting operations;
2. Blowtorch, stove, liquefied gas furnace, electric furnace;
3. Burning (baked, simmered) pipelines, smashing asphalt, fried sand, iron hammering (sparking) objects, sand blasting and other operations that generate sparks;
4. The production equipment and tank area use temporary power supply, temporary electric wires, electric drill, grinding wheel, pneumatic pick, exhaust fan, etc.
5. Motor vehicles (including battery cars) and animal vehicles enter the production equipment area and tank area;
6. Use detonators, explosives, etc. in the production area for blasting;
7. Use non-explosion-proof electrical appliances in the production area.
Fireman authority
The "four no fires" should be strictly enforced, that is,
â–ŽNo approved fire certificate does not move
â–ŽFire guardian is not on the scene
â–ŽFire prevention measures are not implemented
The part of the fire, the time and the license do not match the fire
Those who do not meet the requirements of the "four no fires" have the right to refuse to move.
Guardian's qualifications, responsibilities, authority I. Guardian qualification
Guardians must understand the production process in the hot area, be familiar with the process operation and equipment status; have a strong sense of responsibility, problems can be handled correctly; have the ability to cope with unexpected accidents. And passed the training examination and qualified to work.
Second, the guardian's duties
Check the situation of the live fire site; confirm and implement the fire prevention measures item by item according to the hot fire list; take measures such as fire extinguishing in time to find abnormal conditions in the hot fire. The guardian wears a distinctive sign and must not leave the scene. In special circumstances, you must leave the site and you must arrange a qualified guardian before you can leave.
Third, the guardian's authority
1. If the fire part does not match the hot ticket, if the safety measures are not implemented, the right to stop the use of fire;
2. The right to stop using fire when an abnormal situation occurs;
3. If the fire-fighting person does not perform the "four no-fire" and does not listen to dissuasion, he has the right to take back the fire certificate and report to the leader.
Hot fire monitoring content First, the confirmation of the fire ticket
1. The fire ticket part must match the on-site hot fire point.
2. The fire ticket fire level is consistent with the dangerous degree of the fire.
3. The approval authority is consistent with the level of the fire (the first level of the fire unit's second-level unit leadership approval; the first-level fire safety department approval; the second-level train room, departmental leadership approval).
4. The fire time is consistent with the time specified by the corresponding fire level.
5. The fire prevention measures taken must be implemented.
Second, the examination of the qualification of the fire personnel
1. The hot fire personnel hold an effective "Welder Operation Certificate".
2, high places and equipment for the fire workers, physical health without contraindications (vertigo, Menie, high blood pressure, heart disease, etc.).
Hot fire confirmation
1. Purge, replacement and testing of equipment and pipelines.
2. The moving parts are completely separated from the connected equipment or separated by blind plates.
3. The electric welding circuit must be lapped on the weldment.
4. Flammable materials must be removed within a radius of 15 meters around the fire point. The trenches, wells and floor drains have been covered and sealed.
5, on-site fire equipment, spray, cooling measures, must be in place, intact.
6. The distance between the acetylene bottle and the oxygen cylinder is 5 meters, and the distance between the acetylene bottle and the oxygen bottle is 10 meters. The hose is not aging, the joint is clamped, and the acetylene bottle has no tempering device.
7. The electric welding line must be in good condition and there is no nakedness.
8, hot work at a height of two meters or more, the wind is more than five levels prohibiting the use of fire.
Confirmation of several main data in hot work
1. The spacing between the acetylene bottle and the oxygen cylinder is 5 meters;
2. The distance between the acetylene bottle, the oxygen cylinder and the hot point is 10 meters;
3. The grounding resistance of the electrostatic grounding pile is not more than 10 ohms;
4, equipment pipeline before the fire test, oxygen measurement data: flammable gas explosion limit > 4%, testing qualified index <0.5%; flammable gas explosion limit <4%, testing qualified index <0.2%; oxygen content detection The qualified indicators are: 19.5% to 23.5%.
5. The minimum radius of the closed wells, trenches, floor drains and cable trenches around the fire point to remove inflammables and seal is 15 meters.
6. When the wind is higher than the 5th level, the fire should be stopped.
Check in the fire
1. Whether there is any abnormality in the moving body; whether there is any change in the dynamic environmental conditions (such as weather changes, etc.).
2. Whether there are any abnormalities in the equipment, equipment, pipelines and production conditions around the fire.
3. Whether the gas cylinder hose joint is loose or falling off.
4, hot work must be fired according to the time specified by the fire ticket.
1. Whether the remaining fire on the scene of the fire is extinguished.
2. Cut off the power and air supply of the hot equipment.
Disposal of abnormal fire conditions
1. Disposal of fire in a hot fire
1. In the hot fire, there is a small fire in the body of the fire. If there is no burning material or the moving parts are not connected with other materials pipes and equipment, and the fire will not spread, the fire extinguishing equipment should be used to extinguish it. . Check whether there is any surplus material in the hot part, and the remaining gas will be fired after the disposal is qualified.
2. If a fire occurs in a hot fire, it may spread, causing a fire (including accidentally cutting the material pipeline), affecting the production of surrounding equipment, etc., and immediately stop the hot fire, and organize the field personnel to save (cooling control fire) while rapidly Report to the fire brigade and the workshop and unit leaders through the “119†telephone. And organize operators to take measures such as isolation and closing of material valves.
3. Fighting toxic gases, material fires, personnel standing in the upwind direction, and wearing personal protective equipment when necessary.
2. Disposal of gas acetylene gas in the event of gas leakage and tempering
If an abnormal situation such as air leakage and tempering of the acetylene gas hose drop joint occurs, stop the fire immediately and close the acetylene bottle and the oxygen bottle valve. If the cylinder valve cannot be closed at the same time, it should be cooled immediately to the 119. The cylinder should be cooled immediately. After the organizer transfers the ignition cylinder to the safety zone, the valve is closed with a damp cloth, and the fire is extinguished with a dry powder, CO2 and other fire extinguishers. .
Third, found that the hot part (pipe) has residual pressure and residual gas disposal
If you find that there is residual pressure in the hot part of the fire, you should immediately stop the hot fire and take measures to release the pressure.
4. Disposal of abnormal conditions found in the working environment
1. If the odor is found on the scene of the hot fire , the fire should be stopped immediately, the cause should be quickly identified, and measures should be taken to restore the atmospheric environment before applying the test instrument.
2. When the wind exceeds level 5 or above during high-altitude operation, stop using the fire immediately.
V. Abnormal situation of hot work in the equipment The firearms entering the equipment and the workers found chest tightness and shortness of breath. The guardian should immediately have the right to stop the fire and evacuate the personnel. In severe cases, measures such as artificial respiration or cardiopulmonary resuscitation can be performed.
Hot work permit
1. Handling of hot fire permits
â–ŽSecondary hot work
The person in charge of the operation unit shall submit an application, fill out the “Safety Permit for Fire Workâ€, formulate and implement safety measures and confirm the signature, and submit the approval of the safety leadership of the department in charge of the operation.
â–Ž one level hot work
The person in charge of the operation unit shall submit an application, fill out the “Safety Permit for Fire Workâ€, formulate and implement safety measures and confirm the signature, and submit the operation department together with the safety construction plan, on-site disposal plan and risk analysis results. After reviewing the safety leadership, the person in charge of the quality and safety department will approve it.
â–ŽSpecial hot work
The person in charge of the operation unit shall submit an application, fill out the “Safety Permit for Fire Workâ€, formulate and implement safety measures and confirm the signature, and submit the operation department together with the safety construction plan, on-site disposal plan and risk analysis results. After reviewing jointly with the person in charge of the quality and safety department, the company will submit the approval to the general manager.
2. The closing of the hot fire permit
â–Ž The Fire Safety Safety Permit is in triplicate: the operator, the department in which the operation is located, and the Quality and Safety Department each hold one. After the completion of the operation, the guardian carefully checks the site for any hidden dangers, signs the "Fire Work Safety License" and closes it, and submits it to the Quality and Safety Department for filing.
In the event of a holiday, holiday, night or other special circumstances, the first- and second-level hot fire "fire safety operation permit" approval upgrade management.
The fire-fighting operation was cancelled for any reason, and the "Safety Permit for Hot Work" was signed by the original approver and informed to all parties concerned.
▎ The “Fire Work Safety License†should be numbered and submitted to the Quality and Safety Department for filing. The retention period is three years.
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