With the development of supercomputers and quantum computers, communication security has been seriously threatened, and quantum confidential communication that can prevent eavesdropping has been widely valued. Quantum key distribution, quantum secret sharing and quantum direct communication are the three most important theories for quantum secret communication in the world. Among them, quantum key distribution and secret sharing both use quantum channels to negotiate keys first, and then use classical secret communication to transmit information. Quantum direct communication changes the dual-channel structure of key distribution and ciphertext transmission that has been in use to a single-channel structure with only one quantum channel, without key distribution, and directly transmits information on the quantum channel, thereby improving communication security and expanding Application range.
The theory of quantum direct communication technology was originally proposed by Long Guilu, a part-time researcher at the Beijing Institute of Quantum Information Science and a professor at Tsinghua University in 2000. With the support of the national key research and development program "Quantum Control and Quantum Information" and other scientific and technological programs, the research team has recently successfully developed the first practical quantum direct communication prototype in the world, which has completed all design functions and a long time. Stability testing has realized a quantum secure phone with a communication rate of 4 kb/s over a 10 km optical fiber link, which has promoted the practical development of quantum direct communication.
Information security issues cannot be underestimated, and quantum direct communication technology makes the need for absolute security no longer a concept, but a goal that can be overcome.
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